1889 Arms Military Album Franz Joseph Austria Osterreich Imperial Royal Army

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1889 Arms Military Album Franz Joseph Austria Osterreich Imperial Royal Army:
$240.00

Armee - Album

Zur Erinerung an das Vierzigjährige regierungs-jubiläum seiner Kaiserl.und Koningl. Apostolischen Majestät unseres allergnädigsten Herrn des Kaisers und Königs – Franz Joseph I…

RITTER VON TREUENFEST

Gustav Amon
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Wien: Herausgeber R. Wittman & Comp. – Im Selbstverlage. 1889.

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Original elaborated cloth binding. Worn, spine damaged on several places, the top and bottom extreme and a few holes, covers stained, bumped edges.

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Dimensions: 46 x 35,5 cm.

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Pp. 148 (with 64 plates with portraits of high-ranking officers of the Imperial Army, which are a maximum of seven portraits on one side. After the image part is followed by a text section in which there is to any of the previously mapped officers a short biography). Printed withred borders and initials.

Condition: Page 6/7 detached but present. Inscription on the back of the front cover. Stamp of the previous owner, first page torn on the top corner.

For other details and condition see the photos.

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Taken from Wikipedia – the free encyclopedia:

TheImperial and Royal Army(German:Kaiserlich-königliche Armee) was the reformed armed force of theAustrian Empire, formed on 11 August 1804 preceding the dissolution of theHoly Roman Empireruled by theHabsburgs, underEmperor Francis II(Emperor Francis I of Austria).

Background to the army

The key feature of army of the Austrian Empire during theRevolutionaryandNapoleonic Wars(1792-1815) was that, due to the multi-national nature of the territories, regiments were split intoGermansunits (which includedCzech-troops recruited from Bohemia, Moravia and Silesia, Polish and Ukrainians units recruited from the territory of Galicia,FlemingsandWalloonsterritory of the former Austrian Netherlands, andItalians) andHungarianunits (which included troops fromCroatiaandTransylvania).

Wartimeconscriptionresulted in elements of untrained men in everybattalion, a problem exacerbated by incoherent training across the regions. The army was beset by constant government frugality and a plethora of confusing orders and reorganisations. Although some regiments were disbanded in 1809 following the loss of their recruiting-grounds, others were allocated new areas yet kept their old designations; for example, the Walloon regiments whose recruiting areas were transferred toBohemia.

The most powerful individual in the Army of the Austrian Empire during the period wasArchduke Charles, who implemented wide-ranging and modernising reforms, particularly following the crushing defeat atAusterlitz. Charles was responsible for the severe checkNapoleonsuffered at thebattle of Aspern-Essling, but after the subsequent defeat atWagramretired from active command.

Recruitment

Recruitment in the German areas was partly by voluntary enlistment and a scheme of supplementary conscription, which was for lifetime service before 1802, ten years thereafter. Recruits for Hungarian regiments were organised by theDiet of Hungaryby quota.

Each regiment had its own zone of recruitment within the Empire. The only exception to this was the Poles ofGalicia, who were deemed untrustworthy and were split up across the regiments.

Officers

Regiments were commanded by anInhaber(colonel-in-chief), whose title the regiment bore and who exercised a relatively high amount of power, including over the appointment of officers below field rank. Officers were largely from the lesser aristocracy whose commissions depended more on their social connections or power, though especially in wartime limited promotion from the ranks was permitted.

The infantry

At the outset of war in 1793, the army numbered fifty-sevenline regiments, includinggrenadierandlight infantrycompanies. EighteenGrenzerlight infantry regiments, three garrison regiments and theStabs Infanterie Regimentfor HQ duties. In addition, anirregularFrei-Corpslight infantry was raised in wartime.

Line regiments

An Austrianlineregiment typically consisted of two field battalions -Leib-andOberst-battalions - each of sixfusiliercompanies; also, a grenadier division of two companies, which were normally detached to form composite grenadier battalions with those of two other regiments. In addition, it included one garrison battalion (Oberstleutnant - Battalion) compirsing of four companies which served as a source for reserves at the regimentdepot. The established strength of a \'German\' line regiment would be in theory was 4,575 men, though in peacetime especially this number was rarely above 2-3,000. With three battalions, \'Hungarian\' regiments had a nominal strength of 5,508.

Company strength
In addition, the company had three musicians and aZimmermann(pioneer). All in all, in wartime company strengths of all other ranks ranged from 120-230; grenadier companies between 112-140.Tactics

The introduction of new regulations in 1805 and 1807 did little to disrupt the traditional three-rank line formation of battalions in action, and the use of the \'battalion-column\' for movement. Little emphasis was put on the creation ofskirmishingtroops and light infantry tactics, a matter usually expected only of theGrenzerandJägertroops. The most notorious of the 1807 introductions was the \'mass\', a closely packed variant on the \'square\' tactic of other armies, which was proven in conflict against theTurks. Whilst very vulnerable toartillery, the formation was more than adequate againstcavalryand easier to deploy around the battlefield.