1944 Palestine JEWISH BRIGADE Israel BOOKPLATE EX LIBRIS Holocaust WW2 Judaica

When you click on links to various merchants on this site and make a purchase, this can result in this site earning a commission. Affiliate programs and affiliations include, but are not limited to, the eBay Partner Network.

1944 Palestine JEWISH BRIGADE Israel BOOKPLATE EX LIBRIS Holocaust WW2 Judaica:
$65.00

DESCRIPTION :This JEWISH- HEBREW bookplate was designed and published ca 1944-1945 (DATED ), During the period of WW2 and the HOLOCAUST in Eretz Israel (Then also refered to as Palestine ) By the \" ERETZ ISRAEL ( Palestine )COMMITTEE For The JEWISH SOLDIER \" , A committee which was founded to takecare of the wellfare of Eretz Israeli-Jewish-Hebrew soldiers who voulenteeredat the time to serve mainly in the JEWISH BRIGADE or other similar units. ThisUNIQUE and most beautiful EXLIBRIS , With its SILVER illustrationand text onthe deep blue background was mounted on BOOKS which were sent to the WW2 frontfor the use of these Jewish soldiers . The artist who created this bookplate is not identified , However, Many acclaimed Jewish artists such as BUDKO , RABAN , GUR ARIEH , STRUCK , STEINHARDT and others , BAZALEL artists , Illustrators and painters were involved in the thrilling creation of JEWISH BOOKPLATES. 3 x 2\". Very good condition. ( Please watch the scan for a reliable image - The bookplate for sale is in much better condition than the scanned one ) Will be sent in a special protective rigid sealed packaging.

PAYMENTS : Payment method accepted : Paypal .

AUTHENTICITY : This is an ORIGINALvintage 1944-45 bookplate , NOT a reproduction or a reprint , And hold a life long GUARANTEE for their AUTHENTICITY and ORIGINALITY.SHIPPMENT : Shipp worldwide via registered airmail is $ 12. Will be sent in a special protective rigid sealed packaging. Will be sent within3-5 days after payment . Kindly note that duration of Int\'l registered airmail is around 14 days. BOOKPLATES, labels, usually inside book covers, indicating the owner of the books. The earliest ex libris with Hebrew wording were made for non-Jews. One of the first bookplates was made by Albrecht Duerer for Willibald Pirkheimer (c. 1504) with an inscription in Hebrew, Greek, and Latin of Psalms 111:10. Hector Pomer of Nuremberg had a woodcut ex libris (1525) that is attributed to Duerer or his disciple, Hans Sebald Beham, with the Hebrew translation of \"Unto the pure all things are pure\" (NT, Titus 1:15). \"A time for everything\" (Eccles. 3:1) in Hebrew is found on the bookplate (1530) by Barthel Beham, of Hieronymus Baumgartner of Nuremberg.Among the Jewish artists in England who engraved bookplates in the 18th century were Benjamin Levi of Portsmouth, Isaac Levi of Portsea, Moses Mordecai of London, Samuel Yates of Liverpool, and Mordecai Moses and Ezekiel Abraham Ezekiel of Exeter. However, they only made a few bookplates for Jews. The first known ex libris of a Jew was made by Benjamin Levi for Isaac Mendes of London in 1746. A number of British Jews in the 18th and 19th centuries had armorial bookplates bearing the family coat of arms, although some of them were spurious. Sir Moses Montefiore had several ex libris which bore his distinctively Jewish coat of arms. Among the few Jewish ex libris made in the latter half of the 18th century in Germany were those for David Friedlaender, engraved by Daniel N. Chodowiecki in 1774; and Bernhardt Friedlaender, by Johann M.S. Lowe in 1790. In the 18th century Dutch members of the Polack (Polak) family were among the early bookplate artists. A.S. Polak engraved a heraldic ex libris for the Jewish baron Aerssen van Sommelsdyk. Isaac de Pinto, a Dutch Sephardi Jew, had a bookplate featuring a huge flower vase with his monogram. The modern Russian-Jewish artist S. Yudovin engraved a number of exquisite woodcut bookplates which are among the relatively few with Yiddish inscriptions. Among other European Jewish artists who have used various graphic media to execute ex libris are Uriel Birnbaum, Lodewijk Lopes Cardozo, Fré Cohen, Alice Garman-Horodisch, Georg Jilovsky, Emil Orlik, and Hugo Steiner-Prag. Marco Birnholz (1885–1965) of Vienna, a foremost collector, had over 300 different ones for his own use that were made by many of the European Jewish graphic artists. Bookplates of three Jews are considered to be among the earliest American ex libris, dating from the first half of the 19th century. The pictorial bookplate of Barrak (Baruch) Hays of New York incorporated a family coat of arms. Benjamin S. Judah had two armorial bookplates, although there is no evidence that he was entitled to bear a coat of arms. Dr. Benjamin I. Raphael also had two ex libris – one showing a hand grasping a surgeon\'s knife and the other a skull and bones, symbols frequently found on medical ex libris. Among the early American college bookplates that have Hebrew words are those of Yale University, inscribed with Urim ve-Thumim, Columbia with Ori El (\"God is my light,\" alluding to Ps. 27:1), and Dartmouth with El Shaddai (\"God Almighty\"). Many of the major universities in the United States have a variety of bookplates for their Judaica collections. American Jewish artists of bookplates include Joseph B. Abrahams, Joanne Bauer-Mayer, Todros Geller, A. Raymond Katz, Reuben Leaf, Solomon S. Levadi, Isaac Lichtenstein, Saul Raskin, and Ilya Schor. The Jewish Infantry Brigade Group was a military formation of the British Army that served in Europe during the Second World War. Although the brigade was formed in 1944, some of its experienced personnel had been employed against the Axis powers in Greece, the Middle East and East Africa. More than 30,000 Palestinian Jews volunteered to serve in the British Armed Forces, 734 of whom died during the war. The brigade and its predecessors, the Palestine Regiment and the three infantry companies that had formed it, were composed primarily of Middle Eastern Jews. The brigade was nevertheless inclusive to all Jewish and non-Jewish soldiers so that by 1944 over 50 nationalities were represented. Many were refugees displaced from countries that had been occupied or controlled by the Axis powers in Europe and Ethiopia. Volunteers from the United Kingdom, its empire, the Commonwealth, and other \"western democracies\" also provided contingents.[1]The disintegration of the Ottoman Empire following the end of the First World War and its replacement as the pre-eminent power in the Middle East by the British and French empires brought much closer to realisation the Zionist movement\'s goal of creating a Jewish state or National Home in the region that became the British Mandate of Palestine (\"Eretz Yisrael\"). The \"Balfour Declaration\" of 1917 signified the first official approval of such a proposal, providing the impetus for a surge of Jewish emigration known as the \"Third Aliyah\".[2] Progressive emigration through the 1920s and 1930s followed the League of Nations sanctioning of Balfour\'s statement, expanding the Jewish population by over 400,000 before the beginning of the Second World War.[2On May 17, 1939, the British government under Neville Chamberlain issued the White Paper which abandoned the idea of establishing a Jewish Commonwealth or State in Palestine. After the outbreak of World War II in September 1939, the head of the Jewish Agency David Ben-Gurion declared: \"We will fight the White Paper as if there is no war, and fight the war as if there is no White Paper.\" [3]The President of the World Zionist Organization Chaim Weizmann offered the British government full cooperation of the Jewish community in the British Mandate of Palestine and tried to negotiate the establishment of identifiably Jewish fighting unit (under a Jewish Flag) under the auspices of British Army. His request was rejected, but many Palestinian Jews joined the British army, some in Jewish companies. Fifteen Palestinian Jewish battalions were incorporated into the British Army in September 1940 and fought in Greece in 1941.Palestine Regiment The then emigration policies that favoured the European Jews in prejudice of Arabic local population, the colonial behavior of many of these emigrants against the their new Palestinian neighboors and the design of the brigade\'s insignia did not helped the British\'s goal to enlist an equal number of Jews and Arabs into the Palestine Regiment, even so there were one Arab volunteer to each three Jews. As a result, on August 6, 1942, three Palestinian Jewish battalions and one Palestinian Arab battalion formed the Palestine\'s regiment. At this time, the Regiment was principally involved in guard duties in Egypt and North Africa. The British also wanted it to undermine efforts of Hajj Amin al-Husayni, who was struggling to obtain Arab support for the Axis Powers against the Allies. Formation of the Jewish Brigade After early reports of the Nazi atrocities of the Holocaust were made public by the Allied powers, the Prime Minister Winston Churchill sent a personal telegram to the US President Franklin D. Roosevelt suggesting that \"the Jews... of all races have the right to strike at the Germans as a recognizable body.\" The president replied five days later saying: \"I perceive no objection...\" After much hesitation, on July 3, 1944, the British government consented to the establishment of a Jewish Brigade with hand-picked Jewish and also non-Jewish senior officers. On September 20, 1944, an official communique by the War Office announced the formation of the Jewish Brigade Group of the British Army. The Zionist Flag was officially approved as its standard. It included more than 5,000 Jewish volunteers from Palestine organized into three infantry battalions of the Palestine Regiment and several supporting units. The contemporary newspapers dismissed it as a \"token\" (The New York Times on page 12) and \"five years late\" (The Manchester Guardian). Battles and Berihah 400 volunteers from the Brigade fought in Libya in the battle of Bir-el Harmat. From Palestine Regiment, two brigades, one Jewish, under the command of Brigadier Ernest Benjamin, and another Arab were sent to join allied forces on Italian Front having took part of final offensive there. As well as on a Papal audience for representatives of the liberating Allied units. The Jewish brigade then it was stationed in Tarvisio, near the border triangle of Italy, Yugoslavia, and Austria. There it played a key role in the Berihah\'s efforts to help Jews escape Europe for Palestine, a role many of its members would continue after the Brigade disbanded. Among its projects was the education and care of the Selvino children. In July 1945, the Brigade moved to Belgium and the Netherlands. After the war members of the Jewish Brigade formed assassination squads in order to execute former SS and Wehrmacht officers who had participated in atrocities against European Jews. Information regarding the whereabouts of these war criminals was either gathered by torturing imprisoned Nazis or by way of military connections.[4] The Jewish Brigade was disbanded in the summer of 1946. Legacy Out of some 30,000 Jewish volunteers from Palestine who served in the British Army during WWII, more than 700 were killed during active duty. Some of the Jewish Brigade members subsequently became key participants of the new State of Israel\'s Israel Defense Force. ********* Jewish Brigade Group (1944-1946) The only military unit to serve in World War II in the British Army — and, in fact — in all the Allied forces — as an independent, national Jewish military formation, the Jewish Brigade Group comprised mainly of Jews from Eretz Yisrael and had its own emblem. The establishment of the Brigade was the final outcome of prolonged efforts by the yishuv and the Zionist Movement to achieve recognized participation and representation of the Jewish people in the war against Nazi Germany. In 1940, the Jews of Palestine were permitted to enlist in Jewish companies attached to the East Kent Regiment (the “Buffs”). These companies were formed into three infantry battalions of a newly-established “Palestine Regiment.” The battalions were moved to Cyrenaica and Egypt, but there, too, as in Palestine, they continued to be engaged primarily in guard duties. The Jewish soldiers demanded to participate in the fighting and the right to display the Jewish Flag. In a letter to Chaim Weizmann in 1944, British Prime Minister Winston Churchill stated that his government was prepared “to discuss concrete proposals” in the matter of the formation of a Jewish Fighting Force. While Jews were dispersed throughout the British army, the Jewish Agency wished to concentrate them into one unit, flying the Jewish national Flag. Churchill was much more receptive to the idea than his predecessor, Neville Chamberlain. Chamberlain disapproved of an all-Jewish Brigade, fearing that it would give more legitimacy to the Jewish yearning for national independence. British policy since the White Paper of 1939 no longer favored partition, and therefore symbols of Jewish independence were not encouraged. As more and more information came to light over the tragedy in Europe, however, the British bowed to Zionist demands for a Jewish military unit. It was not until September 1944, after six years of prolonged negotiations, that the British government agreed to the establishment of a Jewish Brigade. It consisted of Jewish infantry, artillery, and service units. After a period of training in Egypt, the Jewish Brigade Group — approximately 5,000 soldiers — took part in the final battles of the war on the Italian front under the command of the Canadian-born Jew, Brigadier Ernest Benjamin. In May 1945, the Brigade was moved to North East Italy where, for the first time, it encountered survivors of the Holocaust. In the summer of 1946, the British authorities decided to disband the Brigade. Skills gained in the Jewish Brigade and in the British army in general was experience that would be put to use again during Israel\'s War of Independence. More than its military value, however, the Jewish Brigade served as a symbol of hope for renewed Jewish life in Eretz Israel. The soldiers of the Jewish Brigade met with survivors of the Holocaust in Displaced Persons camps, bringing them Jewish and Zionist culture. The Jewish Brigade was also instrumental in bringing many of the survivors to Palestine, by Bericha and “illegal immigration.” ********* Of great importance to the development of armed Jewish defense in Palestine were the more than 30,000 Palestinian Jews who enlisted in the British army in the course of World War II. In the last stages of the war, the Jewish Brigade Group was established and saw action against the Nazis in northern Italy. The Palestinian Jews in the British army and air force learned a broad range of military subjects - combat, administration, technology and logistics of a modern army - and transferred this knowledge to the Jewish defense forces in Palestine. This was to be of great use to the Israel Defence Forces, offspring of the Haganah, to be established during the War of Independence. Partial list of notable veterans of the Jewish Brigade Yehuda Amichai Ted Arison Hanoch Bartov David Ben-David Chaym Ben Zvi Ernest Benjamin Israel Carmi Oly Givon Dov Gruner Chaim Laskov Natanel Lorch Munya Mardor Yosi Peled Johanan Peltz Arieh Pinchuk Bernard Dov Protter Gad Rosenbaum (Rothem) Edmund Leopold de Rothschild Shlomo ShamirYosef Shoham Moshe Tavor Meir Zorea Israel Yemini Resources With the Jewish Brigade by Bernard M Casper (Edward Goldston, London 1947. No ISBN) Contains a foreword by Brig. E F Benjamin, CBE, former commander of the Jewish Brigade. Casper was Senior Chaplain to the Brigade. The Brigade. An Epic Story of Vengeance, Salvation, and WWII by Howard Blum (HarperCollins Publishers, New York, 2002) ISBN 0-06-019486-3 The Jewish Brigade: An Army With Two Masters, 1944-45 by Morris Beckman (Sarpedon Publishers, 1999) ISBN 1-885119-56-9 In Our Own Hands: The Hidden Story of the Jewish Brigade in World War II (1998 video) Film resource center ********* The Jewish Brigade represented the culmination of efforts by Jews in both Palestine and the United States to create an independent Jewish fighting force. In 1939, Jews in Palestine began to volunteer for military service, and after repeated pressure from the Jewish Agency and other Jewish organizations, in 1942 the British agreed to form a Palestine Regiment. The Palestine Regiment was sent to serve in the Middle East, although its responsibilities there were primarily restricted to guard duty. Finally, in September 1944, the British created the Jewish Brigade (in Hebrew, Ha-Hayil) out of the Palestine Regiment, a field artillery regiment, and other auxiliary service units. The men, numbering approximately 5,000, were placed under the command of a Canadian-born Jew, Brigadier Ernest Frank Benjamin of the Royal Engineers, and they continued their training with the Eighth Army in Italy. In early 1945, the soldiers of the Jewish Brigade saw their first fighting at Alfonsine, and in April 1945 they led the offensive across the Senio River. As they moved into northern Italy, the Jewish soldiers met Holocaust survivors for the first time; thereafter they provided them with food, clothing, and assistance immigrating to Palestine. They continued these activities in Belgium, Austria, Germany, and Holland and also assisted the Allied authorities in searching for Holocaust survivors. In 1946, the Jewish Brigade was disbanded, partly because of increasing tension between the Yishuv and the mandatory authorities. Bibliography Beckman, Morris. The Jewish Brigade: An Army with Two Masters,1944 - 1945. Staplehurst: Spellmount, 1998. Blum, Howard. The Brigade: An Epic Story of Vengeance, Salvation and World War II. New York: HarperCollins, 2001. Rabinowitz, Louis. Soldiers from Judaea, Palestinian Jewish Units in the Middle East, 1941 - 1943. New York: American Zionist Emergency Council, 1945.