Syracuse in Sicily 310BC AGATHOKLES Apollo Pegasus Ancient Greek Coin i54025
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Syracuse in Sicily 310BC AGATHOKLES Apollo Pegasus Ancient Greek Coin i54025:
$725.00
Item: i54025
Authentic Ancient Coin of:
Greek city ofSyracuse inSicily
Bronze 17mm (5.88 grams) Struck underAgathokles, circa 310-305 B.C.
Reference: HGC 2, 1486
ΣYPAKOΣIΩN, Laureate head of Apollo left;astragalos in field to right.
Pegasus flying left; monogram below.
When in it\'s foundations that thecity of Syracuse only consisted of the island of Ortygia, that island was saidto have been the home of the nymph Arethusa. She had been a chaste, faithfulattendant of Artemis. It is said that she got the unwanted attentions from theriver god, Alpheios, while bathing in his Peloponnesian stream. Artemis hid herin a cloud in an attempt to save her, however she sweated so profusely out offear that she was transformed into a stream. Artemis broke apart the ground toallow her to escape. She found her way to the island of Ortygia where she becamethe fountain on that island.
You are offerding on the exactitem pictured, provided with a Certificate of Authenticity and LifetimeGuarantee of Authenticity.
InGreek andRoman mythology, Apollo, is one of the mostimportant and diverse of theOlympian deities. The ideal of the kouros (a beardless youth), Apollo has beenvariously recognized as a god of light and the sun; truth and prophecy;archery; medicine and healing; music, poetry,and the arts; and more. Apollo is the son ofZeus and Leto, and has atwin sister, the chaste huntressArtemis. Apollo is known in Greek-influencedEtruscan mythology as Apulu. Apollo wasworshiped in bothancient Greek andRoman religion, as well as in the modernGreco-RomanNeopaganism.
As the patron of Delphi (Pythian Apollo), Apollo was anoracular god — the prophetic deity of theDelphic Oracle. Medicine and healing wereassociated with Apollo, whether through the god himself or mediated through hisson Asclepius, yet Apollo was also seen as a godwho could bring ill-health and deadlyplague as well as one who had the ability tocure. Amongst the god\'s custodial charges, Apollo became associated withdominion overcolonists, and as the patron defender of herdsand flocks. As the leader of theMuses (Apollon Musagetes) and director of their choir, Apollofunctioned as the patron god of music andpoetry.Hermes created thelyre for him, and the instrument became a commonattribute of Apollo. Hymns sung to Apollo werecalled paeans.
In Hellenistic times, especially during the third century BCE, as ApolloHelios he became identified among Greeks withHelios,god of the sun, and his sister Artemissimilarly equated withSelene,goddess of the moon. In Latin texts, on theother hand, Joseph Fontenrose declared himself unable to find any conflation ofApollo withSol among theAugustan poets of the first century, not evenin the conjurations ofAeneas andLatinus in Aeneid XII (161–215). Apollo and Helios/Solremained separate beings in literary and mythological texts until the thirdcentury CE.
Pegasus (Greek Πήγασος/Pegasos, Latin Pegasus) is one of the best known fantasticalcreatures inGreek mythology. He is a winged divine horse,usually white in color. He was sired byPoseidon, in his role as horse-god, and foaledby the GorgonMedusa. He was the brother ofChrysaor, born at a single birthing whenhismother was decapitated by Perseus. Greco-Roman poets write about his ascent toheaven after his birth and his obeisance toZeus, king of the gods, who instructed him to bring lightning andthunder from Olympus. Friend of the Muses, Pegasus is the creator ofHippocrene, the fountain onMt. Helicon. He was captured by the Greek heroBellerophon near the fountain Peirene with thehelp of Athena and Poseidon. Pegasus allows the hero to ride him to defeat amonster, the Chimera, before realizing many other exploits. His rider, however,falls off his back trying to reach Mount Olympus. Zeus transformed him into theconstellationPegasus and placed him in the sky.
Hypotheses have been proposed regarding its relationship with theMuses, the godsAthena,Poseidon,Zeus, Apollo, and the heroPerseus.
The symbolism of Pegasus varies with time. Symbol of wisdom and especially offame from the Middle Ages until the Renaissance, he became one symbol of thepoetry and the creator of sources in which the poets come to draw inspiration,particularly in the 19th century. Pegasus is the subject of a very richiconography, especially through the ancient Greek pottery and paintings andsculptures of the Renaissance. Personification of the water, solar myth, orshaman mount, Carl Jung and his followers have seen in Pegasus a profoundsymbolic esoteric in relation to the spiritual energy that allows to access tothe realm of the gods on Mount Olympus.
In the 20th and 21st century, he appeared in movies, in fantasy, in videogames and in role play, where by extension, the term Pegasus is often used torefer to any winged horse.
Agathocles (Greek: Ἀγαθοκλῆς, Agathoklḗs; 361 – 289 BC) was a Greektyrant ofSyracuse (317–289 BC) and king ofSicily (304–289 BC).
BiographyAgathocles was born at ThermaeHimeraeae (modern nameTermini Imerese) in Sicily. The son of apotter who had moved to Syracuse in about 343BC, he learned his father\'s trade, but afterwards entered the army. In 333 BC hemarried the widow of his patron Damas, a distinguished andwealthy citizen. He was twicebanished for attempting to overthrow theoligarchical party in Syracuse.
In 317 BC he returned with an army ofmercenaries under a solemn oath to observe thedemocraticconstitution which was established after theytook the city. Having banished or murdered some 10,000 citizens, and thus madehimself master of Syracuse, he created a strong army and fleet and subdued thegreater part of Sicily.
War with Carthage followed. In 311 BC Agathocles wasdefeated in theBattle of the Himera River andbesieged in Syracuse. In 310 BC he made adesperate effort to break through theblockade and attack the enemy inAfrica. In Africa he concluded the treaty withOphellas, ruler ofCyrenaica. After several victories he was atlast completely defeated (307 BC) and fled secretly to Sicily.
After concluding peace with Carthage in 306 BC, Agathocles styled himselfking of Sicily in 304 BC, and established his rule over theGreek cities of the island more firmly thanever. A peace treaty with Carthage left him in control of Sicily east of theHalycus River. Even in his old age he displayedthe same restless energy, and is said to have been contemplating a fresh attackon Carthage at the time of his death.
His last years were plagued by ill-health and the turbulence of his grandsonArchagathus, at whose instigation he is said tohave been poisoned; according to others, he died anatural death. He was a born leader of mercenaries, and, although he did notshrink from cruelty to gain his ends, he afterwards showed himself a mild andpopular \"tyrant.\" Agathocles restored the Syracusan democracy on his death bedand did not want his sons to succeed him as king.
Agathocles was married three times. His first wife was the widow of hispatron Damas by whom he had two sons:Archagathus and Agathocles, whom were bothmurdered in 307 BC. His second wife was Alcia and they had a daughter calledLanassa, who married as the second wife of KingPyrrhus of Epirus. His third wife was theGreek Ptolemaic PrincessTheoxena, who was the second daughter ofBerenice I from her first husbandPhilip and was a stepdaughter ofPtolemy I Soter. Theoxena bore Agathocles twochildren:Archagathus andTheoxena. Theoxena survived Agathocles. He hadfurther descendants from his second and third marriage.
LegacyAgathocles was cited as an example of “those who by their crimes come to beprinces” in Chapter VIII ofNiccolò Machiavelli’s treatise on politics, The Prince (1513). He was described asbehaving as a criminal at every stage of his career..
However, he came to \"glory\" as much as he did brutality by repelling invadingCarthaginians and winning the loyalty of the denizens of his land. However, manylater disapproved of his actions, including to an extent Machiavelli, whoclaimed
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Syracuse in Sicily 310BC AGATHOKLES Apollo Pegasus Ancient Greek Coin i54025:
$725.00