1888 LIFE OF General BEN HARRISON Benjamin LEVI MORTON Lew Wallace G A Townsend
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1888 LIFE OF General BEN HARRISON Benjamin LEVI MORTON Lew Wallace G A Townsend:
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LIFE OFGEN. BEN HARRISON / GENERAL BENJAMIN HARRISON
by Lew Wallace author of Ben Hur
alsoLIFE OF HON. LEVI P. MORTON
by : George Alfred Townsend
1888Only Date in Book thus First Edition
Illustrated
Tons of History and Information on 1888 Presidential and Vice PresidentCampaign Biography / Biographies
Great for the History Buff
Great Source for family history / genealogy . ancestry research
Scarce / Rare Antique Book
Published by : Hubbard Brothers PublishersPhiladelphia, Chicago, Kansas CityCondition: This book has heavy wear including heavy rubbing, scuffing, spotting/foxing, corner bumps,age toning, stains/dirtiness,many page corner bends,binding is not intact and cover / spine separated -spine has duct tape so it may be over the original spine or replaced the original spine,front cover is almost completely separated at hinge,-(see pics 7,8 &9) some pages beginning to separate at gutter.There is writing on the free end pages and check marks on contents page.Please look at all of the pictures as it is possible we may have missed Little info from Wikipedia
Benjamin Harrison(August 20, 1833– March 13, 1901) was the23rdPresident of the United States(1889–93); he was the grandson of the ninth President,William Henry Harrison. Before ascending to the presidency, Harrison established himself as a prominent local attorney, Presbyterian church leader and politician inIndianapolis, Indiana. During theAmerican Civil War, he served the Union as acoloneland on February 14, 1865 was confirmed by theU.S. Senateas abrevetbrigadier generalof volunteers to rank from January 23, 1865. After the war, he unsuccessfully ran for the governorship ofIndiana. He was later elected to the U.S. Senate by the Indiana legislature.
ARepublican, Harrison was elected to the presidency in1888, defeating theDemocraticincumbentGrover Cleveland. Hallmarks of his administration included unprecedented economic legislation, including theMcKinley Tariff, which imposed historic protective trade rates, and theSherman Antitrust Act; Harrison facilitated the creation of theNational Foreststhrough an amendment to the Land Revision Act of 1891. He also substantially strengthened and modernized the Navy, and conducted an active foreign policy. He proposed, in vain, federal education funding as well as voting rights enforcement forAfrican Americansduring his administration.
Due in large part to surplus revenues from the tariffs, federal spending reached one billion dollars for the first time during his term. The spending issue in part led to the defeat of the Republicans in the1890 mid-term elections. Harrison was defeated by Cleveland in his offer for re-election in1892, due to the growing unpopularity of the high tariff and high federal spending. He then returned to private life in Indianapolis but later represented theRepublic of Venezuelain an international case against theUnited Kingdom. In 1900, he traveled to Europe as part of the case and, after a brief stay, returned to Indianapolis. He died the following year of complications frominfluenza. Although many have praised Harrison\'s commitment to African Americans\' voting rights, scholars and historians generally regard his administration as below-average, andrank him in the bottom halfamong U.S. presidents.
Harrison\'s paternal ancestors were theVirginia Harrisons. Their immigrant ancestor was Benjamin Harrison, who arrived inJamestown, Virginia, in 1630. The future president Benjamin was born on August 20, 1833, inNorth Bend,Ohio, as the second of eight children toJohn Scott Harrisonand Elizabeth Ramsey (Irwin). Benjamin was a grandson of President William Henry Harrison and the great-grandson ofBenjamin Harrison V, a Virginia governor and signer of theDeclaration of Independence.Harrison was seven years old when his grandfather was elected President, but he did not attend the inauguration.Although Harrison\'s family was distinguished, his parents were not wealthy. John Scott Harrison spent much of his farm income on his children\'s education.Despite the family\'s meager resources, Harrison\'s boyhood was enjoyable, much of it spent outdoors fishing or hunting.
Benjamin Harrison\'s early schooling took place in a one-room schoolhouse near his home, but his parents later arranged for a tutor to help him with college preparatory studies.Harrison and his brother Irwin enrolled inFarmer\'s Collegenear Cincinnati, Ohio in 1847.He attended the college for two yearsand while there met his future wife,Caroline Lavinia Scott, one of the daughters of the science professor,John Witherspoon Scott.
In 1850, Harrison transferred toMiami UniversityinOxford, Ohioand graduated in 1852.He joined the fraternityPhi Delta Theta, which he used as a network for much of his life. He was also a member ofDelta Chi, a law fraternity which permitted dual membership.Classmates includedJohn Alexander Anderson,[10]who became a six-term congressman, andWhitelaw Reidwho ran as Harrison\'s vice presidential candidate in his presidential reelection campaign. At Miami, Harrison was strongly influenced by history and political economy professorRobert Hamilton Bishop.Harrison joined aPresbyterianchurch at college and, like his mother, became a lifelong member.
After completing college, Harrison took up the study of law as a legal apprentice in the Cincinnati law office of Storer & Gwynne.
Before completing his law studies, Harrison returned to Oxford to marry Caroline Scott.On October 20, 1853, Caroline\'s father, also a Presbyterian minister, performed the ceremony.
The Harrisons had two children,Russell Benjamin Harrison(August 12, 1854– December 13, 1936), andMary \"Mamie\" Scott Harrison(April 3, 1858– October 28, 1930).
Harrison returned to live on his father\'s farm while finishing his law studies. That same year, he inherited $800 after the death of an aunt, and used the funds to move with Caroline to Indianapolis, Indiana in 1854.He was admitted to the bar and began practicing law in the office of John H. Ray. The same year he became acrierfor the Federal Court in Indianapolis, for which he was paid $2.50 per day.Harrison became a founding member and first president of both the University Club, a privategentlemen\'s cluband the Phi Delta Theta Alumni Club.Harrison and his wife joined and assumed leadership positions at the First Presbyterian Church.
Having grown up in aWhighousehold, he favored that party\'s politics while young. He joined theRepublican Partyshortly after its formation in 1856, and that year campaigned on behalf of the Republican presidential candidateJohn C. Frémont.Harrison was elected as the Indianapolis City Attorney that year, a position that paid an annual salary of $400.
In 1858, Harrison entered into a law partnership with William Wallace and they opened their office called Wallace & Harrison.Two years later, Harrison successfully ran as the Republican candidate forreporterof theIndiana Supreme Court. He was an active supporter of his party\'s platform, and served as Republican State Committee Secretary. His law partner Wallace was elected as county clerk in 1860; Harrison established a new firm with William Fishback, named Fishback & Harrison. They worked together until he entered the Army after the start of theAmerican Civil War
In 1862,PresidentAbraham Lincolnissued a call for more recruits for the Union Army; Harrison wanted to enlist, but worried about how to support his young family.While visiting GovernorOliver Morton, Harrison found him distressed over the shortage of men answering the latest call. Harrison told the governor, \"If I can be of any service, I will go\".
Morton asked Harrison if he could help recruit a regiment, although he would not ask him to serve. Harrison recruited throughout northern Indiana to raise a regiment. Morton offered him the command, but Harrison declined, as he had no military experience. He was initially commissioned as a captain and company commander on July 22, 1862. Governor Morton commissioned Harrison as a colonel on August 7, 1862, and the newly formed70th Indianawas mustered into Federal service on August 12, 1862. Once mustered, the regiment left Indiana to join the Union Army at Louisville, Kentucky.
For much of its first two years, the 70th Indiana performed reconnaissance duty and guarded railroads inKentuckyandTennessee. In 1864, Harrison and his regiment joinedWilliam T. Sherman\'sAtlanta Campaignand moved to the front lines. On January 2, 1864, Harrison was promoted to command the 1st Brigade of the 1st Division of theXX Corps. He commanded thebrigadeat the battles ofResaca,Cassville,New Hope Church, Lost Mountain,Kennesaw Mountain,Marietta,Peachtree CreekandAtlanta. When Sherman\'s main force began itsMarch to the Sea, Harrison\'s brigade was transferred to the District of Etowah and participated in theBattle of Nashville.
On January 23, 1865, President Lincoln nominated Harrison to the grade ofbrevetbrigadier generalof volunteers, to rank from that date, and the Senate confirmed the nomination on February 14, 1865.He rode in theGrand Reviewin Washington, D.C. before mustering out on June 8, 1865
While serving in the army in October 1864, Harrison was reelectedreporterof theSupreme Court of Indianaand served four more years.Although not politically powerful, the position provided Harrison a steady income.PresidentGrantappointed him to represent the federal government in a civil claim brought byLambdin P. Milligan, whose wartime conviction fortreasonhad been reversed by the Supreme Court. Due to Harrison\'s advocacy, the damages awarded against the government were minimal.
With his increasing reputation, local Republicans urged Harrison to run for Congress. He initially confined his political activities to speaking on behalf of other Republican candidates, a task for which he received high praises from his colleagues.
In 1872, Harrison campaigned for the Republican nomination forgovernor of Indiana. Former governor Oliver Morton favored his opponent,Thomas M. Browne, and Harrison lost his offer for statewide office.He returned to his law practice and, despite thePanic of 1873, he was financially successful enough to build a grand new home in Indianapolis in 1874.He continued to make speeches on behalf of Republican candidates and policies.
In 1876, the original Republican nominee for governor dropped out of the race and Harrison accepted the Republicans\' invitation to take his place on the ticket,He centered his campaign on economic policy and favored deflating the national currency. He was ultimately defeated in a plurality byJames D. Williams, losing by 5,084 votes out of a total 434,457 cast.Following his defeat, Harrison was able to build on his new prominence in the state. When theGreat Railroad Strike of 1877reached Indianapolis, he helped to mediate between the workers and management and to preserve public order.
When United States Senator Morton died in 1878, the Republicans nominated Harrison to run for the seat, but the party failed to gain a majority in the state legislature, which at that time elected senators; the Democratic majority electedDaniel W. Voorheesinstead.In 1879 PresidentHayesappointed Harrison to theMississippi River Commission, which worked to develop internal improvements on the river.As a delegate to the1880 Republican National Conventionthe following year,he was instrumental in breaking a deadlock on candidates, andJames A. Garfieldwon the nomination.
After Harrison led the Republican delegation at the National Convention, he was considered a presumptive Senate candidate.He gave speeches in favor of Garfield in Indiana and New York, further raising his profile in the party. When the Republicans retook thestate legislature, Harrison\'s election to the Senate was threatened by his intra-party rival JudgeWalter Q. Gresham, but Harrison was ultimately chosen.After Garfield\'s election as president in 1880, his administration offered Harrison a cabinet position which he declined in favor of continued service as senator.
Harrison served in the Senate from March 4, 1881, to March 4, 1887 and chaired theU.S. Senate Committee on Transportation Routes to the Seaboard(47th Congress) and theU.S. Senate Committee on Territories(48thand49th Congresses).
In 1881, the major issue confronting Senator Harrison was the budget surplus. Democrats wished to reduce thetariffand limit the amount of money the government took in; Republicans instead wished to spend the money oninternal improvementsand pensions for Civil War veterans. Harrison took his party\'s side and advocated for generouspensionsfor veterans and their widows.He also supported, unsuccessfully, aid for education of Southerners, especially the children of the freedmen; he believed that education was necessary to help the black population rise to political and economic equality with whites.Harrison opposed theChinese Exclusion Act of 1882, which his party supported, as he thought it violated existing treaties withChina.
In 1884, Harrison and Gresham competed for influence at the1884 Republican National Convention.;the delegation ended up supportingJames G. Blaine, the eventual nominee.In the Senate, Harrison achieved passage of his Dependent Pension Bill, only to see it vetoed by PresidentGrover Cleveland.His efforts to further the admission of new western states were stymied by Democrats, who feared that the new states would elect Republicans to Congress.
In 1885, the Democratsredistrictedthe Indiana state legislature, which resulted in an increased Democratic majority in 1886, despite an overall Republican majority statewide.Harrison was thereby defeated in his offer for reelection; this resulted after a deadlock in thestate senate, with the legislature eventually choosing DemocratDavid Turpie.Harrison then returned to Indianapolis and his law practice, but stayed active in state and national politics.
TheUnited States presidential election of 1888was the 26th quadrennialpresidential election, held on Tuesday, November 6, 1888. It sawGrover ClevelandofNew York, the incumbent president and aDemocrat, try to secure a second term against theRepublicannomineeBenjamin Harrison, a formerU.S. SenatorfromIndiana. The economy was prosperous and the nation was at peace, but Cleveland lost re-election in theElectoral College, even though he won a plurality of the popular vote by a narrow margin.
Tariff policywas the principal issue in the election. Harrison took the side of industrialists and factory workers who wanted to keep tariffs high, while Cleveland strenuously denounced high tariffs as unfair to consumers. His opposition toCivil Warpensionsand inflated currency also made enemies among veterans and farmers. On the other hand, he held a strong hand in the South and border states, and appealed to former RepublicanMugwumps.
Harrison swept almost the entire North and Midwest (losing only Connecticut and New Jersey), and narrowly carried the swing states of New York (Cleveland\'s home state) and Indiana (Harrison\'s home state) by a margin of 1% or less to achieve a majority of theelectoral vote. Unlike the election of 1884, the power of theTammany Hallpolitical machine inNew York Cityhelped deny Cleveland the electoral votes of his home state.
This election is notable for being the third of four U.S. presidential elections in which the winner did not win the popular vote. The first, in1824, sawJohn Quincy Adamselected by theHouse of Representatives. The second occurred just 12 years earlier in1876, while the fourth would occur 112 years later in2000.It is also notable because only two states (New York and Indiana) switched parties in the electoral vote in comparison to the preceding election. It would not be until the election of2012that only two states (Indiana and North Carolina) would switch parties in consecutive elections.
Levi Parsons Morton(May 16, 1824 – May 16, 1920) was aRepresentativefromNew Yorkand the22ndVice President of the United States(1889–93). He later served as the31st Governor of New York.
Morton was born inShoreham,Addison County, Vermont. His parents were the Reverend Daniel Oliver Morton (1788–1852), aCongregationalistminister of old New England stock, and Lucretia Parsons (1789–1862). His older brother, David Oliver Morton (1815–59), wasMayorofToledo, Ohio, from 1849 to 1850.
He left school early and worked as a clerk in ageneral storeinEnfield, Massachusetts, taught school inBoscawen, New Hampshire, engaged in mercantile pursuits inHanover, New Hampshire, moved toBoston, entered the dry-goods business inNew York City, and engaged in banking there. He was an unsuccessful candidate for election in 1876 to the 45thCongress, but he was appointed by PresidentRutherford B. Hayesto be an honorary commissioner to theParis Exhibition of 1878.
Morton was elected, as aRepublican, to the 46th and 47th Congresses representingManhattan. He served from March 4, 1879, until his resignation, effective March 21, 1881. The 1880 Republican presidential nominee,James A. Garfield, asked Morton to be hisvice presidentialrunning mate, but Morton declined the offer. If he had accepted and history continued on the same course, Morton would have become the 21st President, instead ofChester A. Arthur, afterGarfield\'s assassination.
He asked to be He was United StatesMinistertoFrancefrom 1881 to 1885. (A deludedCharles J. Guiteau, reportedly decided to murder Garfield after he was \"passed over\" as minister to France.)
Morton was very popular in France. He helped commercial relations between the two countries run smoothly during his term, and, in Paris on October 24, 1881, he placed the first rivet in the construction of theStatue of Liberty. (It was driven into the big toe of Lady Liberty\'s left foot.)
Morton was elected Vice President of the United States, on the Republican ticket with PresidentBenjamin Harrison, in which capacity he served from March 4, 1889, to March 4, 1893. During his term, Harrison tried to pass theLodge Bill, an election law enforcing the voting rights of blacks in the South, but Morton did little to support the bill against aDemocraticfilibuster in the Senate. Harrison blamed Morton for the bill\'s eventual failure, and, at the Republican convention prior to the1892 election, Morton was replaced byWhitelaw Reidas the vice-presidential candidate.Harrison and Reid went on to lose the1892 election, toGrover ClevelandandAdlai E. Stevenson, the Democratic candidates.
In 1890 he became one of the first members of the District of Columbia Society of theSons of the American Revolution. He was assigned national society membership number 1838 and district society number 38.
Levi Morton wasGovernor of New Yorkin 1895 and 1896. He was considered for theRepublicanpresidentialnomination in1896, but the Republican Party choseWilliam McKinleyinstead. After his public career was over, he became areal-estateinvestor.
He died on May 16, 1920, atRhinebeck, inDutchess County,New York.He died on his 96th birthday, the onlyVice Presidentto have died on his birthday. He is interred in theRhinebeck Cemetery.
Morton married his first wife, Lucy Young Kimball (July 22, 1836 – July 11, 1871) on October 15, 1856, inFlatlands, Brooklyn. They had one child together.
After her death, he marriedAnna Livingston Reade Streetin 1873. They had five daughters.
In retirement, Morton served as President of theMetropolitan Clubat One East Sixtieth Street, New York, between 1900 and 1911. He was preceded in that office byJ. Pierpont Morgan; and succeeded by Frank Knight Sturgis.He was also a member of theUnion League Club of New York.
Morton served as President of theNew York Zoological Societyfrom 1897 to 1909.
Lewis \"Lew\" Wallace(April 10, 1827– February 15, 1905) was an American lawyer,Uniongeneral in theAmerican Civil War,governorof theNew Mexico Territory, politician, diplomat, and author fromIndiana. Among his novels and biographies, Wallace is best known for his historical adventure story,Ben-Hur: A Tale of the Christ(1880), a bestselling novel that has been called \"the most influential Christian book of the nineteenth century.\"
Wallace\'s military career included service in theMexican–American Warand the American Civil War. He was appointed Indiana\'sadjutant generaland commanded the11th Indiana Infantry Regiment. Wallace, who attained the rank of major general, participated in theBattle of Fort Donelson, theBattle of Shiloh, and theBattle of Monocacy. He also served on the military commission for the trials of theLincoln assassination conspirators, and presided over the kangaroo court and military investigation ofHenry Wirz, a Confederate commandant of theAndersonville prison camp.
Wallace resigned from the U.S. Army in November 1865 and briefly served as a major general in the Mexican army, before returning to the United States. Wallace was appointedgovernorof theNew Mexico Territory(1878–81) and served as U.S. minister to theOttoman Empire(1881–85). Wallace retired to his home inCrawfordsville, Indiana, where he continued to write until his death in 1905.
Lewis \"Lew\" Wallace was born on April 10, 1827, inBrookville,Indiana. He was the second of four sons born to Esther French Wallace (née Test) andDavid Wallace.Lew\'s father, a graduate of theU.S. Military AcademyinWest Point,New York,left the military in 1822 and moved to Brookville, where he established a law practice and entered Indiana politics. David served in the Indiana General Assembly and later as the state\'slieutenant governor, andgovernor, and as a member ofCongress.Lew Wallace\'s maternal grandfather was circuit court judge and CongressmanJohn Test.
In 1832 the family moved toCovington, Indiana, where Lew\'s mother died from tuberculosis on July 14, 1834.In December 1836, David married nineteen-year-oldZerelda Gray Sanders Wallace, who later became a In 1837, after David\'s election as governor of Indiana, the family moved toIndianapolis.
Lew began his formal education at the age of six at a public school in Covington, but he much preferred the outdoors. Wallace had a talent for drawing and loved to read, but he was a discipline problem at school.In 1836, at the age of nine, Lew joined his older brother inCrawfordsville, Indiana, where he briefly attendedWabash Preparatory School, but soon transferred to another school more suitable for his age.In 1840, when Wallace was thirteen, his father sent him to a private academy atCenterville, Indiana, where his teacher encouraged Lew\'s natural affinity for writing. Wallace returned toIndianapolisthe following year.
Sixteen-year-old Lew went out to earn his own wages in 1842, after his father refused to pay for more schooling.Wallace found a job copying records at theMarion Countyclerk\'s office and lived in an Indianapolis boardinghouse.He also joined the Marion Rifles, a local militia unit, and began writing his first novel,The Fair God, but it was not published until 1873.Wallace acknowledged in his autobiography that he had never been a member of any organized religion, but he did believe \"in the Christian conception of God\" even though his actions regarding the unjustable execution of Confederate Captain Henry Wirz would say otherwise.
By 1846, at the start of theMexican–American War, the nineteen-year-old Wallace was studying law at his father\'s law office, but left that pursuit to establish a recruiting office for the Marion Volunteers in Indianapolis. He was appointed asecond lieutenant, and on June 19, 1846, mustered into military service with the Marion Volunteers (also known as Company H, 1st Indiana Volunteer Infantry).Wallace rose to the position of regimental adjutant and the rank offirst lieutenantwhile serving in the army ofZachary Taylor, but Wallace personally did not participate in combat.Wallace was mustered out of the volunteer service on June 15, 1847,and returned to Indiana, where he intended to practice law.After the war, Wallace and William B. Greer operated aFree Soilnewspaper,The Free Soil Banner,in Indianapolis
Wallace confessed in his autobiography that he took up writing as a diversion from studying law. Although he wrote several books, Wallace is best known for his historical adventure story,Ben-Hur: A Tale of the Christ(1880), which established his fame as an author.
In 1843 Wallace began writing his first novel,The Fair God, but it was not published until 1873.The popular historical novel, with Cortez\'s conquest of Mexico as its central theme, was based on William H. Prescott\'sHistory of the Conquest of Mexico.Wallace\'s book sold seven thousand copies in its first year. Its sales continued to rise after Wallace\'s reputation as an author was established with the publication of subsequent novels.
Wallace wrote the manuscript forBen-Hur, his second and best-known novel, during his spare time at Crawfordsville, and completed it in Santa Fe, while serving as the territorial governor of New Mexico.Ben-Hur, an adventure story of revenge and redemption, is told from the perspective of a Jewish nobleman named Judah Ben-Hur.Because Wallace had not been to theHoly Landbefore writing the book, he began research to familiarize himself with the area\'s geography and its history at theLibrary of Congressin Washington, D.C. in 1873.Harper and Brothers published the book on November 12, 1880.
Ben-Hurmade Wallace a wealthy man and established his reputation as a famous author.Sales were slow at first, only 2,800 copies were sold in the first seven months after its release, but the book became popular among readers around the worldBy 1886 it was earning Wallace about $11,000 in annual royalties (equivalent to $290,000 in 2015 dollars),and provided Wallace’s family with financial security.By 1889 Harper and Brothers had sold 400,000 copies and the book had been translated into several languages.
In 1900Ben-Hurbecame the best-selling American novel of the 19th century, surpassing Harriet Beecher Stowe\'sUncle Tom\'s Cabin.Amy Lifson, an editor forHumanities, identified it as the most influential Christian book of the 19th century.Others named it one of the best-selling novels of all time.At the time ofBen-Hur\'s one hundredth anniversary in 1980, it had \"never been out of print\"and had been adapted for the stage and several motion pictures.One historian,Victor Davis Hanson, has argued thatBen-Hurdrew from Wallace\'s life, particularly his experiences at Shiloh, and the damage it did to his reputation. The book\'s main character, Judah Ben-Hur, accidentally causes injury to a high-ranking Roman commander, for which he and his family suffer tribulations and calumny.
Wallace wrote subsequent novels and biographies, butBen-Hurremained his most important work. Wallace consideredThe Prince of India; or, Why Constantinople Fell(1893) as his best novel.He also wrote a biography of PresidentBenjamin Harrison, a fellow Hoosier and Civil War general, andThe Wooing of Malkatoon(1898), a narrative poem. Wallace was writing his autobiography when he died in 1905. His wife Susan completed it with the assistance ofMary Hannah Krout, another author from Crawfordsville. It was published posthumously in 1906.
George Alfred Townsend(January 30, 1841 – April 15, 1914), was a notedwar correspondentduring theAmerican Civil War, and a later novelist. Townsend wrote under the pen name \"Gath\", which was derived by adding an \"H\" to his initials, and inspired by the biblical passageII Samuel1:20, \"Tell it not in Gath, publish it not in the streets of Askalon.\"
Townsend was born inGeorgetown, Delaware, on January 30, 1841.He originally wrote for thePhiladelphia Inquirer, and in 1861 he moved to theNew York Herald. He is considered to have been the youngest correspondent of the war. In 1865, Townsend was Washington correspondent for theNew York World, covering theassassination of Abraham Lincolnand its aftermath. His daily reports filed between April 17 – May 17 were published later in 1865 as a book,The Life, Crime, and Capture of John Wilkes Booth, reprinted in 1977,and published in audio version in 2009.
Immediately following the war, he married Elizabeth Evans Rhodes ofPhiladelphia. By 1868, he had become one of the most quotable Washington correspondents, working for the \"Chicago Tribune,\" and, after 1874, for the \"New York Graphic.\" His letters, published several times a week, were several columns long, and included lively word-portraits of politicians and opinion. He established and edited, with an Ohio journalist and politician, Donn Piatt, theCapitalat Washington, D.C., in 1871, but parted company with Piatt soon after.
In 1884 Townsend began building a baronial estate in theCatoctin Mountainscalled \"Gapland,\" nearBurkittsville, Maryland. Gapland was built on the site of theBattle of Crampton\'s Gap, and is in close proximity to the battlefields ofSouth MountainandAntietam. The estate was composed of several buildings, including Gapland Hall, Gapland Lodge, the Den and Library Building, and a mausoleum (notable for its inscription of \"Good Night Gath\"). In 1896, Townsend built theWar Correspondents\' Memorial Arch, the first such monument tribute to war journalists.
His novels includedThe Entailed Hat(1884), which fictionalized a true story of a woman namedPatty Cannonwho kidnapped free blacks and sold them into slavery. Townsend\'s other works include the short story collectionTales of the Chesapeake(1880) and the novelKaty of Catoctin(1887).
The Gapland estate is nowGathland State Park. Several buildings still stand, including Gapland Hall (which is the park headquarters) and the mausoleum.
Townsend left Gapland in 1911, and died three years later inNew York City. He was buried in Philadelphia. The site was given to the State of Maryland and in 1949 became Gathland State Park.
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1888 LIFE OF General BEN HARRISON Benjamin LEVI MORTON Lew Wallace G A Townsend:
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