CIVIL WAR,21st MASSACHUSETTS VOLS,CHARLES E. GOODRICH.ANNAPOLIS,1860s,BOSTON

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CIVIL WAR,21st MASSACHUSETTS VOLS,CHARLES E. GOODRICH.ANNAPOLIS,1860s,BOSTON:
$40.00

wrinkle at left....otherwise as pictured..
light yellow cover.RECORDS SHOW....Charles E. Goodrich, Company D, was a drummer.He would be captured by the rebels. Died in prison in Florence, South CarolinaOctober 10, 1864.add $2.00 for 1st class/Insured to U.S.The 21st was engaged in a number of major battles.The21st Regiment Massachusetts Volunteer Infantrywas aninfantryregimentin theUnion Armyduring theAmerican Civil War. It was organized inWorcester, Massachusettsand mustered into service on August 23, 1861.

After garrison duty at theUnited States Naval AcademyinAnnapolis, Maryland, the regiment served with theCoast Divisioncommanded byMaj. Gen.Ambrose Burnside. The Coast Division was deployed in January 1862 for operations on the coast of North Carolina, and participated in theBattle of Roanoke Islandand theBattle of New Bernamong other engagements. Burnside\'s division was recalled to Virginia in July 1862. The 21st Massachusetts was then attached to theArmy of the Potomacand participated in several of the largest battles of the Civil War, including theSecond Battle of Bull Run, theBattle of Antietam, and theBattle of Fredericksburg. The most devastating engagement of the war for the 21st was theBattle of Chantilly, fought on September 1, 1862, during which the unit suffered 35 percent casualties.[1]From March 1863 to January 1864, the 21st served with Burnside in theDepartment of the Ohio, seeing action in Kentucky and Eastern Tennessee. In May 1864, the regiment rejoined the Army of the Potomac, participating inLt. Gen.Ulysses Grant\'sOverland Campaignand theSiege of Petersburg.[1]The regiment was a favorite ofClara Barton, the famed battlefield nurse, who was also fromWorcester County, Massachusetts.[2]

By the end of its three years of service, the 21st Massachusetts had been reduced from 1,000 men to fewer than 100.[1]Of these losses, 152 were killed in action or died from wounds received in action, approximately 400 were discharged due to wounds, 69 were taken prisoner, and approximately 300 were discharged due to disease, resignation, or desertion.[1]Those of the 21st who chose to re-enlist at the end of their initial three-year commitment were eventually consolidated with the 36th Regiment Massachusetts Volunteer Infantry on October 21, 1864.[3]Florence StockadeFrom Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia\'

TheFlorence Stockade, also known asThe Stockadeor theConfederate States Military Prison at Florence, was aConfederateprisoner-of-war camplocated on the outskirts ofFlorence, South Carolina, during theAmerican Civil War. It operated from September 1864 through February 1865; during this time, as many as 18,000 Union soldiers were imprisoned there, about 2,800 of whom died.

History

The Florence Stockade was built and became operational in September 1864, and was in operation during the final fall and winter of the war. Overall in command was Lt. Col. John Iverson, of the 5th Georgia Infantry but the officer in charge of the stockade (a position comparable to that ofHenry WirzatAndersonville Prison) was Lt. James Barrett, also of the 5th Georgia.[2]During its time of operation, anywhere from 15,000 to 18,000 captives were held there. The need for additional prisons became imperative after General Sherman captured Atlanta on September 1, 1864.Andersonville prisonin south Georgia was thought to be in the path of Sherman and the Confederate prison authorities determined to relocate the approximately 30,000 Union prisoners then at Andersonville. Because Florence had three railroads, and was thought to be secure, it was chosen as a site for a newly constructed prison. To keep the Union soldiers in order during relocation, they were told that they were to be paroled. Many of those who were unable to walk or not stable enough to travel were left behind in Andersonville. Most of the prisoners who initially came to Florence were first transported toCharlestonbefore making their way 90 miles inland to Florence. The Florence Stockade was still under construction when the first several thousand prisoners arrived.

The Florence Stockade covered 23.5 acres (95,000m2) of land with a trench dug out around the outside to prevent prisoners from tunnelling out. After about a month of operation, there were about 12,000 prisoners and a death rate of 20 to 30 per day. Supplies were scarce for both the prisoners and the guards. Men were sleeping almost naked and with no blankets. In his 1879 book Andersonville: a Story of Rebel Military Prisons, John McElroy, who was imprisoned in both, states, \"I think also that all who experienced confinement in the two places are united in pronouncing Florence to be, on the whole, much the worse place and more fatal to life.\" He states that government records suggest that about one man in each three imprisoned there died. Part of the reason for this is that its prisoners had already been weakened by their stay in the infamous Andersonville Prison. McElroy, Sgt. Robert H. Kellogg of the 16th Connecticut Volunteers, and Sgt. S.S. Boggs of the 21st Illinois have written similar accounts of Barrett\'s cruel, inhumane behavior and murders of prisoners.

In mid-October, theUnited States Sanitary Commissiondelivered supplies. Of the total number of prisoners that passed through the Florence Stockade, 2,802 Union soldiers died there and most were buried in unmarked trenches in what would become theFlorence National Cemeteryafter the war.

The Stockade was listed on theNational Register of Historic Placesin 1980.[1]