Constantine Paparrigopoulos. AUTOGRAPH SIGNED LAIOS GEORGIOS GREECE GREEK BOOKS

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Constantine Paparrigopoulos. AUTOGRAPH SIGNED LAIOS GEORGIOS GREECE GREEK BOOKS:
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AUTOGRAPH SIGNED LAIOS GEORGIOS, Constantine Paparrigopoulos I (1814-1851) Mnemosyne magazine, Athens 1975, p. 44. Texts in Greek
ΛΑΙΟΣ ΓΕΩΡΓΙΟΣ, Κωνσταντίνος Παπαρρηγόπουλος Α\' (1814-1851), ανάτυπο από το περιοδικό Μνημοσύνη, τόμος πέμπτος (1974-1975), Αθήνα 1975 σελ.44 με αφιέρωσηConstantine PaparrigopoulosFrom WikipediaConstantine PaparrigopoulosNative nameΚωνσταντίνος EmpireDied14 April and Kapodistrian University of Athens

Constantine Paparrigopouloswas aGreekhistorian, who is considered the founder of modern Greekhistoriography. He is the founder of the concept of historical continuity ofGreecefrom antiquity to the present, establishing the tripartite division ofGreek historyinancient,medievalandmodern, and sought to set aside the prevailing views at the time that theByzantine Empirewas a period of decadence and degeneration, not recognized as part of Greek history.

Paparrigopoulos introduced this division in his teaching at theUniversity of Athens. His main work is the multi-volumeHistory of the Greek Nation(Ιστορία του Ελληνικού Έθνους), covering the history of theGreeksfrom ancient to modern times, including the rediscovery of the Greek Middle Ages and their integration as part of the national history of Greece. He is also known for contradicting with robust arguments the controversial theories ofJakob Philipp Fallmerayerregarding the racial origins of the Greeks.

LifeThe signature of Constantine Paparrigopoulos

Paparrigopoulos was born inConstantinoplein 1815. His father, a native ofVytina, was killed by the rabble ofConstantinoplewhen theGreek War of Independenceerupted in 1821. Paparrigopoulos not only saw this grisly spectacle, but he also attended the execution of his brother, Michael, and of his two uncles. His mother who survived the slaughters fled toOdessa, where Paparrigopoulos accomplished his studies as a bursar of theTsarAlexander I.

In 1830 Paparrigopoulos travelled to Greece to study in the \"Central School\" (Κεντρικό Σχολείο) of Aegina, founded by the Greek leaderIoannis Kapodistrias. He continued his studies in the universities of France and Germany.

Returning to Greece Paparrigopoulos was appointed in the ministry of Justice, but in 1845 he withdrew because he did not yet possess a Greeknationality. He was reappointed as a teacher when he obtained the Greeknationality(as a \"Gortynian\"). In 1851 he became a professor of history of theNational and Kapodistrian University of Athens.

In 1873 Paparrigopoulos lost his beloved son and famous poet,Dimitrios Paparrigopoulos. In 1876 and 1884 the Greek state utilised him for national purposes, appointing him as president of the \"National Defence\" and as president of the \"Exhibition of the relics of the War of Independence\".

Work

In 1843, while working in the Ministry of Justice, Paparrigopoulos published his first survey,About the emigration ofSlavtribes inPeloponnese, contradicting with robust arguments[1]Fallmerayer\'sopinion that modern Greeks are of Slav descent, having no racial relation with theancient Greeks. In 1844, he published his second survey,The last year of the Greek independence, treating the fall ofCorinth. In 1855 he gave his inaugural lecture as professor of the university, contradicting a theory that did not recognise the importance of theDorianinfluence on the civilization of ancient Greece.

Nonetheless, his monumental writing is theHistory of the Greek nation, comprising 6 volumes, which were later complemented byPavlos Karolidis. Paparrigopoulos published the first volume in 1860 and completed his work in 1877 with the last volume, which constituted a synopsis of theGreek War of Independence. The best edition of theHistory of the Greek nationis the edition of Eleftheroudakis in 1925 with the application of Karolidis. In this work he adopted the tripartite examination of periods already introduced bySpyros Zampelios(ancient Hellenism,medieval Hellenism,modern Hellenism) and used it as a tool for the narration of the course of theGreek nationthroughout the centuries.

Assessments

Paparrigopoulos is considered the \"national\" historian of modern Greece. In hisHistory of the Greek Nation, he regarded the history ofGreecefrom the ancient years till nowadays as a unity, insisting on the continuity of the Greek nation. At the same time he promoted the importance of theByzantine Empireand of the Byzantine history in general. Because of his profound surveys, the disdain towards the Byzantine history was limited.

The interpretation ofByzantium\'sGreek character in the work of Sp. Zampelios was the first step in the effort to refute Fallmerayer\'s theory. It was supported that the ancient Greek civilization had not faded away, but had been creatively reshaped as it met Christianity, which took place during the Byzantine Empire. With Zampelios then, the foundations were prepared in order for a total national history to be written, in order for the past, the continuous course of the Greek nation fromantiquitytill the 19th century, to be narrated. This ambitious project was undertaken and completed by Constantine Paparrigopoulos, who is considered for this reason the founder of Greek national historiography, also known as Greek historism.

Paparrigopoulos, as well as Sp. Zampelios set the basis for the formation of national identity in modern Greek society. Besides, their work did not concern only a closed and restricted circle of specialists and academics. It was addressed to the society of their times, in order to strengthen their national self-knowledge. Besides, Paparrigopoulos\' classes at the University, which constituted the raw material for the writing of his memorable History, were frequently published in Pandora magazine, of which he was the co-publisher, as well as in the Athenian Press. The term Greek-Christian which was devised for scientific purposes, functioned towards the same direction but did not remain a simple instrument of analysis in the hands of specialists. As this term appeared in mid-ninth century exactly, it became a canvass on which the ideology of the Greek state was developed and shaped. The content of education, the orientation of historical studies and the study of tradition (folklore) were organized on this basis. In addition, theMegali Idea(Greek Great Idea) which was nebulous until that time, acquired flesh and bones. The Byzantine Empire, which had now been acclaimed a cultural mold of the Greek state which was still small, became the model for its territorial expansion.

Another great virtue of Paparrigopoulos is the elegance of his style and his literary charisma, which makes his texts readable and his narrations particularly vivid. His elegance is the main merit that places him higher than the other great modern Greek historian, Pavlos Karolidis.

Paparrigopoulos not only offered a united image of the history (ancient-medieval-modern) of the Greek nation, but, at the same time, he articulated in the most stirring way the pains and the dramas of the modern Hellenism.

His writings

All his main writings are in Greek.

The last year of the Greek independence, 1844.
Elements of General History, 1845.
General History, 2 volumes, 1849.
Introductory lesson, 1855.
History of the Hellenic nation, 6 volumes, 1860-1877.

Sources

Encyclopaedic Dictionary,The Helios, Volume 15, article: \"Constantine Paparrigopoulos\" (in Greek).