RARE OLD Lisu Hill Tribe Bronze Smoking Pipe Crocodile Design
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RARE OLD Lisu Hill Tribe Bronze Smoking Pipe Crocodile Design:
$150.00
RARE Old LisuHill Tribe Bronze Smoking Pipe
Crocodile Design
Rare old Lisu Hill Tribe of Northern Thailand bronze smoking pipe in beautiful crocodile design. The crocodile is revered throughout Southeast Asia as a symbol of strength, stealth and longevity. Bronze pipes such as thiswere used by men and women of the LisuHill Tribe to smoke locally grown Tobacco for centuries. These days old bronze pipes such as this are increasingly difficult to find. This is not a reproduction, it is an authenticLisu pipe. (Note the photo ofthe LisuHill TribeWomanI took while visitinga Lisuvillage). I have included more info about the Lisu People below.
ATTENTION: THIS PIECE IS INTENDED FOR DECORATIVE PURPOSES ONLY... IT IS NOT DESIGNED TO BE SMOKED..
Dimensions: Can be seen in photos above.
Materials: Bronze
Age: Circa 1930
All offers will be seriously considered, MAKE BEST OFER NOW!
Thanks for your time and consideration... Dobuydon
SHIPPING (PLEASE READ)
I will shipyour item via International Registered Air Mail as soon as payment is received.Registered Mail is the most reliable and secure method of shipping and guaranteesthat your item will arrive. I have never lost any registered mail shipments.Normal shipping time to most locations is 10-14 business days. Sometimes it cantake longer… please be patient. Once your shipment arrives, a signature will be required. If no oneis available to sign for the shipment the post office should leave a notice andyou may have to go pick up your item.
Expeditedshipping via International Express Mail Service (EMS) is available for an extracharge. Normal shipping time to most locations via EMSis 5 working days. Please email me for a price quote if you desire expressshipping.
Pleaseremember to check customs regulations before importing items that may berestricted in your country.
PROBLEMS–Ifyou have any problems I ask that you please email me so that we can resolve anyissues between ourselves.
ONCEYOU RECEIVE YOUR SHIPMENT-I ask that youplease email and let me know that you have received the shipment as soon aspossible. If you are happy with the item and with the service that I haveprovided, I ask that you please leave POSITIVE response. I strive to provide 5STAR products and services...Thanks again for your support… Dobuydon.
Lisu peopleFrom Wikipedia, the free encyclopediaThis article is about Lisu people. For Lisu language, seeLisu language.Lisu
Total population1,200,000 (est.)Regions with significant style=\"margin: 0.4em 0px 0.5em; line-height: 1.5em;\">TheLisupeople Lìsù zú;Thai:ลีสู่;Lisu: ꓡꓲ-ꓢꓴ or ꓡꓲꓢꓴ) are aTibeto-Burmanethnic groupwho inhabit the mountainous regions ofBurma(Myanmar), SouthwestChina,Thailand, and theIndianstate ofArunachal Pradesh.
About 730,000 live inYunnan Province, China. The Lisu form one of the56 ethnic groupsofficially recognized by thePeople\'s Republic of China. In Burma, the Lisu are known as one of the sevenKachinminority groups and an estimated population of 450,000 Lisu live in (Katha District and Khamti District) Sagaing Division, (Pyin Oo Lwin District) Mandalay Division, Kachin andShan Statein Burma. Approximately 55,000 live inThailand, where they are one of the six mainhill tribes. They mainly inhabit the remote country areas.[2]Their culture has traits shared with the YI or Nusuo culture[3]
Contents[hide]- 1History
- 1.1Origins
- 2The Lisu of India
- 2.1Indian government discovers the Lisus
- 2.2The Lisus who came to India from Myanmar-Ledo Road
- 2.3Issues Lisu of India face
- 3Culture
- 4Religion
- 4.1Animism, shamanism, ancestor worship
- 5Language
- 6See also
- 7Notes
- 8References
- 9Further reading
- 10External links
Lisu history is passed from one generation to the next in the form of songs. Today, this song is so long that it can take a whole night to sing.[4]
Origins[edit source|editbeta]This section requiresexpansion.(February 2012)The Lisu are believed to originate from EasternTibet. Research done by Lisu scholars indicates that they moved to northwesternYunnan. They inhabited a region acrossBaoshanand theTengchongplain for thousands of years. The Lisu,YI,Lahu,Akhaand Kachin languages are Tibetan–Burman languages, distantly related to Burmese and Tibetan.[5][6][7][8]After theHan ChineseMing Dynasty, around 1140-1644 A.D. the Eastern and Southern Lisu language and culture were greatly influenced by Han culture of China.[9][10]Taipingvillage inYinjiang, Yunnan, China, was first established by Lu Shi Lisu people about 1000 years ago.[citation needed]In the mid-19th century, Lisu peoples inYinjiangbegan moving intoMomeik, Burma, a population of Southern Lisu moved intoMogok, north-Eastern Burma, and then in the late 19th century, moved into northern Thailand.[10][11][12][13]Lisu is the descendants of YI or Lolo tribe. YI or Nuosu is still much close to Lisu and Myanmar language.
The Lisu of India[edit source|editbeta]Lisu people in India are called Yobin. So in all government records, Lisu are Yobin, and sometimes used alternately. Lisu is one of the minority tribes of Arunachal Pradesh of India. They live mainly in Vijoynagar Circle in eleven villages. Gandhigram (or Shidi in Lisu) is the largest village. Lisus are found in Miao town and Injan village of Kharsang Circle Changlang District. The Lisus traditionally lived in the Yunnan Province of China and Northern Myanmar. There are about 5,000 Lisu people in India.
Indian government discovers the Lisus[edit source|editbeta]It was on 7th-May-1961 (Sunday), the 7th Assam Rifles expedition team led by Late Major Sumer Singh entered the Moloshidi valley and reached the largest village in the valley, Shidi (now called Gandhigram). They were accorded warm reception by the villagers and further told by the villagers that they were the first ever to have visited in the Lisu land, Moloshidi valley. The Assam Rifles team assured the villagers that from now on this virgin land will be under India and the people will be protected from any enemy aggression. Till then there was no International Boundary line in the Moloshidi valley. In 1972 only Demarcation of International Boundary with Burma was done and for which the guides were the local Lisus who had full knowledge about nook and corner of the valley as they had been living in the valley since time immemorial. During Demarcation, cement pillars were erected at strategic high rise locations guided by the local Lisus and in the process the Moloshidi valley fell in Indian side.
The Lisus who came to India from Myanmar-Ledo Road[edit source|editbeta]Some groups of Lisus took the then \"Ledo\" road. Some of them worked as coal miners under Britishers. (One certificate originally belonged to one Aphu Lisu is a British Coal Miner\'s certificate as old as 1918 preserved by the Lisus)This certificate bears the sign of the then governor who administrated from Lakhimpur, Assam. Most of the Lisus who thus lived in Assam have gone back to Myanmar. However, Some are still found in Kharangkhu area of Assam, Kharsang Circle of Arunachal Pradesh. While most have lost their mother tongue, some have preserved the language and the culture almost intact.[14][15]
Issues Lisu of India face[edit source|editbeta]In early 1980s, the government of India removed all citizenship available for the Lisu people. Since then, they were branded as refugees. Only in 1994, the citizenship was restored. But the Scheduled Tribe status has not been returned. This is the current struggles and demand for immediate restoration from the government.
Just for arrival of a fleet of jeeps in late 1970s, the area has been without road and vehicle for now four decades. The area is isolated - hence some news reporter describe the land as \"Prisoners of Geography\".
Lisu were evicted from their villages in 1964 under the command of A.S. Guarya, the late Governor General of Arunachal Pradesh. And settled the ex-servicemen in their villages. Those villages still retain the original names. And the Lisu were chased out of their ancestral villages down to now Gandhigram villages and other areas. These villages suffered from floods and lost much of the paddy fields and had to find new grounds.
In 1980s, the Namdapha took over much of Lisu land. The authorities by force demarcated the boundary just close from Gandhigram village. The habitation then became a very small area. Since then those Lisu living under the Namdapha area are branded as \"encroachers\". So much struggles have been because of that demarcation.
Such hosts of problems from outside forces have reduced the people to much problems. The level of education level is very low. And only about 1% of the total population are employed. A kg of salt is sold at Rs 100 and sometimes above.
Culture[edit source|editbeta]Diorama of Lisu people inJawaharlal Nehru Museum, Itanagar.The Lisu tribe consists of more than 58 different clans. Each family clan has its own name or surname. The biggest familyclanswell known among the tribe clans are Laemae pha (Shue or The Grass, who speakBairather than Lisu), Bya pha (The Bee), Thorne pha, Ngwa Pha (Fish), Naw pha (Thou or Bean), Seu pha ( the Woods), Khaw pha. Most of the family names came from their own work as hunters in the primitive time. However, later, they adopted many Chinese family names.[citation needed]
After the Ming Dynasty, most Lisu tribe people had become a people that lived in villages high in the mountains or in mountain valleys. However, those who still lived in the Paoshan plains, standing on the side of theQing Dynasty, fought against the kingdom of Ming. The Lisuknife ladderclimbing festival was first held as a memorial event of victory over Ming in 1644 A.D. The Lisu people invented their own traditional dance so called \"che-ngoh-che\" along with the Lisuguitarwhich has no bars on thefretboard. They invented another musical instrument calledfulu jewlewas well. It is a kind offlutethat has about six or seven smallbambootubes tied up together to a dried-hollow-gourd.[citation needed]Songs and dances are different from each other according to the occasions. They have different songs and dances for weddings, homecoming hunters, harvest time and so on, separately.
Lisu villages are usually built close to water to provide easy access for washing and drinking.[9]Their homes are usually built on the ground and have dirt floors and bamboo walls, although an increasing number of the more affluent Lisu are now building houses from wood or even concrete.[4]
Lisu subsistence was based on paddy fields, mountain rice, fruit and vegetables. However, they have typically lived in ecologically fragile regions that do not easily support subsistence. They also faced constant upheaval from both physical and social disasters (earthquakes and landslides; wars and governments). Therefore, they have typically been dependent on trade for survival. This included work as porters and caravan guards. With the introduction of theopiumpoppy as a cash crop in the early 19th century, many Lisu populations were able to achieve economic stability. This lasted for over 100 years, but opium production has all but disappeared in Thailand and China due to interdiction of production. Very few Lisu ever used opium, or its more common derivativeheroin, except for medicinal use by the elders to alleviate the pain ofarthritis.[16]
The Lisu practicedswidden(slash and burn) horticulture. In conditions of low population density where land can be fallowed for many years, swiddening is an Environmentally sustainable form ofhorticulture. Despite decades of swiddening by hill tribes such as the Lisu, northern Thailand had a higher proportion of intact forest than any other part of Thailand. However, with road building by the state, logging (some legal but mostly illegal) by Thai companies,[17][18]enclosure of land in national parks, and influx of immigrants from the lowlands, swidden fields can not be fallowed, can not re-grow, and swiddening results in large swathes of deforested mountainsides. Under these conditions, Lisu and other swiddeners have been forced to turn to new methods of agriculture to sustain themselves.[19]
Lisu Women in Traditional Dress, Northern ThailandPerhaps the best-known subgroup of the Lisu is the Flowery Lisu in Thailand, due to hill tribe tourism. Lisu women are remarked for their brightly colored dress. They wear a multi-colored knee-length tunics of red, blue or green with a wide black belt and blue or black pants. Sleeve shoulders and cuffs are decorated with a dense applique of narrow horizontal bands of blue, red and yellow. Men wear baggy pants, usually in bright colors but normally wear a more western type of shirt or top.
Religion[edit source|editbeta]Animism, shamanism, ancestor worship[edit source|editbeta]Lisu practice a religion that is partanimistic, partancestor worship, but is mixed within complex local systems of place-based religion. Most important rituals are performed byshamans. The main Lisu Festival corresponds to theChinese New Yearand is celebrated with music, feasting and drinking, as are weddings; people wear large amounts of silver jewelry and wear their best clothes at these times as a means of displaying their success in the previous agricultural year. In each traditional village there is asacred groveat the top of the village, where the sky spirit or, in Thailand, the Old Grandfather Spirit, are propitiated withofferings; each house has an ancestoraltarat the back of the house.[20][21][22]See later sections of this article for Christianity among the Lisu.
Christianity[edit source|editbeta]Further information:Lisu ChurchBeginning in the 20th century, many Lisu people in China and Burma converted toChristianity. Missionaries such asJames O. Fraser, Allyn Cooke andIsobel Kuhnand her husband, John, of theChina Inland Mission(nowOMF International), were active with the Lisu of Yunnan.[23]The Chinese government\'s Religious Affairs Bureau has proposed considering Christianity as the official religion of the Lisu.[24]According to OMF International estimates, as of 2008, there are now more than 300,000 Christian Lisu in Yunnan, and 150,000 in Burma. Only the Lisu of Thailand still have remained unchanged by Christian influences. Now, Christianity is becoming the dominant religion among the Lisu people gradually.[25][26]
Language[edit source|editbeta]Further information:Lisu languageLinguistically, the Lisu belong to theYior Ngwi branch of the Sino-Tibetan family.[27]
There are two scripts in use and the Chinese Department of Minorities publishes literature in both. The oldest and most widely used one is theFraser alphabetdeveloped about 1920 byJames O. Fraserand the ethnicKarenevangelist Ba Taw. The second script was developed by the Chinese government and is based onpinyin.
Fraser\'s script for the Lisu language was used to prepare the first published works in Lisu which were acatechism, portions ofScripture, and eventually, with much help from his colleagues, a completeNew Testamentin 1936. In 1992, the Chinese government officially recognized the Fraser alphabet as the official script of the Lisu language.[28]
Only a small portion of Lisu are actually able to read or write the script,[citation needed]with most learning to read and write the local language (Chinese, Thai, Burmese) through primary education.[citation needed]
RARE OLD Lisu Hill Tribe Bronze Smoking Pipe Crocodile Design:
$150.00